Anatomy of a Mesonet Tower

A mesonet tower can host multiple sensors to collect meteorological data. Adjacent sensors collect rainfall, soil moisture, and soil temperature data. All collected data is sent to UMD data servers in real-time via cellular transmission. The entire mesonet site is solar powered, with battery backup.

Diagram of a Maryland Mesonet tower and its instruments The first Maryland Mesonet tower, in Howard County

Above: The first Maryland Mesonet tower, located in Howard County, is installed.

1

10m - Anemometer

Measures horizontal wind speed & direction

R.M. Young Model 05108

Range:
0 to 100 m/s (224 mph)
360° mechanical, 355° electrical (5° open)

2

2m - Pyranometer

Measures global (direct + diffuse) solar radiation

Apogee Model CS320

Range:
0 to 2000 W/m2

3

2m - Digital Snow Depth Detector

Measures snow depth

Campbell Model SnowVUE10

Range:
0.40 to 10m (1.3 to 32.8 ft)

4

2m - Temperature + Relative Humidity Probe

Measures air temperature and relative humidity

Campbell Model HygroVUE10

Range:
-40° to 70° C (-40° to 158° F)
0 to 100% humidity

5

1.3m - Datalogger

A low-power device that reads the tower's sensors, drives communication, controls external devices, then analyzes and maintains the data in onboard, nonvolatile storage.

Campbell Model CR1000X

1.3m - Digital Barometer

Measures atmospheric pressure

Campbell Model BaroVUE10

Range:
500 to 1100 hPa

6

Base - Rain Gauge

Measures rainfall intensity and derives amount of rainfall

Campbell Model RainVUE20

Range:
1500 mm/h (60 in/h)

7

Underground (.05m, .1m, .2m, .5m, 1m) - Soil Sensors

Measures permittivity, electrical conductivity, temperature, and water content of the soil

Campbell Model CS655

Range:
Permittivity: 1 to 81
Conductivity: 0 to 8 dS/m
Temperature: -50° to 70° C (-58° to 128° F)
Water Content: 0 to 100%